What Is Civil Litigation?
Civil litigation is the legal process used to resolve disputes between individuals, businesses, or organizations in civil, rather than criminal, matters. It covers a wide range of cases, including contract disputes, property claims, and personal injury lawsuits. Civil litigation usually involves several stages: filing a claim, exchange of evidence, hearings, and final judgment.
Key Aspects of the Concept
- Involves disputes over rights, obligations, or damages between private parties.
- Governed by civil procedure rules, which outline deadlines and court practices.
- May include pre-trial negotiations and settlement attempts.
- Evidence, witness testimony, and expert opinions play a central role.
- Can result in monetary compensation, injunctions, or declaratory judgments.
- Often lengthy and costly, but ensures enforceable legal remedies.
- Alternative dispute resolution methods (mediation, arbitration) are encouraged to reduce court load.
Examples of the Term “Civil Litigation” in Use
- The company was involved in civil litigation concerning a breach of contract with a supplier.
- Civil litigation resulted in the court ordering compensation for damages caused by negligence.
- Many disputes are settled before reaching the final stage of civil litigation.
- International contracts often include clauses specifying jurisdiction for civil litigation.